javascript对象

prtyaa
prtyaa 2023-12-26 18:06:29 63562
分类专栏： 资讯

1 什么是对象

图1

2 为什么需要对象

面相对象编程是一种思想，js实现了这种思想

3 创建对象

  • 利用字面量创建对象
  • 利用构造函数创建对象
  • 利用new Object创建对象

3.1 使用字面量创建对象

对象字面量： 就是花括号{}里面包含了表达这个具体事物（对象）的属性和方法。

代码样例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script>
        //1利用字面量创建对象{}
        // var obj = {}; //创建了一个空对象
        var obj = {
            uname: 'zhangsan',
            age: 18,
            sex: '男',
            sayHi: function () {
                console.log('Hello');
            }
        }
        //（1）里面的属性或者方法我们采取键值对的形式 (键)属性名: (值)属性值
        // (2) 多个属性或者方法中间用逗号隔开的
        // (3) 方法冒号后面跟的是一个匿名函数

        //2使用对象
        console.log(obj.uname);
        console.log(obj['sex']);
        obj.sayHi();
        // (1) 调用对象的属性我们采取:      对象名.属性名
        // (2) 调用对象的属性还有一种方法:  对象名['属性名']
        // (3) 调用对象的方法:              对象名.方法名()

    </script>
</head>

<body>
</body>

</html>

3.2 使用构造函数创建对象

个人理解：new关键字可以结合函数创建对象，主要是new关键字起到的作用，所以函数需要满足new关键字的要求，这个结合new关键字的函数我们称为构造函数。

new关键字的工作步骤及原理：

  1. new关键字将构造函数类比于java中的类（Class）
  2. new 构造函数()可以在内存中创建了一个空的对象
  3. this就会执行刚才创建的空对象
  4. 执行构造函数里面的代码，给这个空对象添加属性和方法（这也就是为什么构造函数里需要写this的原理）
  5. 返回这个实例化对象（所以构造函数中不需要return）

语法格式：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script>
        // 利用构造函数创建对象
        // 构造函数的语法格式
        function 构造函数名() {
            this.属性名 = 值;
            this.方法名 = function () {
                console.log('Hello');
            }
        }
        //实例化对象
        new 构造函数名();

    </script>
</head>

<body>
</body>

</html>

代码样例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script>
        function Star(uname, age, sex) {
            this.uname = uname;
            this.age = age;
            this.sex = sex;
            this.sayHi = function (sing) {
                console.log(sing);
            }
        }
        var pepole = new Star('zhangsan', 18, '男');
        console.log(pepole.uname);
        console.log(pepole['sex']);
        pepole.sayHi('welcome!');

    </script>
</head>

<body>
</body>

</html>

构造函数书写注意内容

构造函数名字首字母要大写

构造函数不需要return

3.3 使用new Object创建对象

代码样例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script>
        // 利用new Object创建对象
        var obj = new Object(); // 创建了一个空的对象
        obj.uname = 'zhangsan'; // 追加属性
        obj.sex = '男';
        obj.sayHi = function () { //追加方法
            console.log('Hi');
        }
        // 使用对象
        console.log(obj.uname);
        console.log(obj['sex']);
        obj.sayHi();
    </script>
</head>

<body>
</body>

</html>

4 遍历对象

for...in语句用于对数组或者对象的属性进行循环操作。

代码样例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script>
        // 对象遍历
        var obj = {
            name: 'zhangsan',
            age: 18,
            sex: '男',
            fn: function () {
                console.log('Hello');
            }
        }

        for (k in obj) {
            console.log(k);
            console.log(obj[k]);
        }
    </script>
</head>

<body>
</body>

</html>

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window.location.href="/search.html?keywords="+q; }); //文章点赞 $('body').on('click', '.article-zan', function () { let id = $(this).attr("data-id"); if(is_tj){ is_tj = false; } let othis = $(this); //判断登陆 if(uid == -1){ layer.msg('请登录再点赞', {icon: 6}, function(){location.href = "/login.html"}) return false; } $.post("/news/userZanArticle.html",{article_id:id,type:1,is_zan:1},function(data){ if(data.code == 0){ $(othis).find("em").text(data.zan); if($(othis).hasClass('icon-hover')){ $(othis).removeClass('icon-hover'); }else{ $(othis).addClass('icon-hover'); } if($(othis).siblings(".article-cai").hasClass('icon-hover')){ $(othis).siblings(".article-cai").removeClass('icon-hover'); } $(othis).siblings(".article-cai").find("em").text(data.cai); layer.msg(data.msg); } else { layer.msg(data.msg,{icon:6,adim:6}); } is_tj = true; }) }); //文章点踩 $('body').on('click', '.article-cai', function () { let id = $(this).attr("data-id"); if(is_tj){ is_tj = false; } let othis = $(this); //判断登陆 if(uid == -1){ layer.msg('请登录再点赞', {icon: 6}, function(){location.href = "/login.html"}) return false; } $.post("/news/userZanArticle.html",{article_id:id,type:1,is_zan:2},function(data){ if(data.code == 0){ $(othis).find("em").text(data.cai); if($(othis).hasClass('icon-hover')){ $(othis).removeClass('icon-hover'); }else{ $(othis).addClass('icon-hover'); } if($(othis).siblings(".article-zan").hasClass('icon-hover')){ $(othis).siblings(".article-zan").removeClass('icon-hover'); } $(othis).siblings(".article-zan").find("em").text(data.zan); layer.msg(data.msg); } else { layer.msg(data.msg,{icon:6,adim:6}); } is_tj = true; }) }); $(".head_sign").hover(function () { $("#signin").show() }, function () { $("#signin").hide(); }) $(".qr").hover(function () { $(".qr").find(".fly-link").show(); }, function () { $(".qr").find(".fly-link").hide(); }); }); </script> <!--百度统计--> <script>var oceEmE1=oceEmE1||[];(function(){var 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}).use(['fly'],function(){ var $ = layui.jquery; var layer = layui.layer; var util = layui.util; var laytpl = layui.laytpl; var form = layui.form; var fly = layui.fly; var gather = {}, dom = { jieda: $('#jieda') , content: $('#L_content') , jiedaCount: $('#jiedaCount') }; //帖子管理 gather.jieAdmin = { //删帖子 del: function (div) { layer.confirm('确认删除该贴么？', function (index) { layer.close(index); $.ajax({ type: 'get', url: articleDelete, data: {id: div.data('id')}, dataType: 'json', success: function (data) { if (data.code == 0) { layer.msg(data.msg, { icon: 6, time: 2000 }, function () { location.href = '/'; }); } else { layer.open({ title: '删除失败', content: data.msg, icon: 5, adim: 6 }) } } }); }); } // 设置置顶、加精、禁评、状态 , set: function (div) { var othis = $(this); fly.json(articleJieset, { id: div.data('id') , rank: othis.attr('rank') , field: othis.attr('field') }, function (res) { if (res.status === 0) { layer.msg(res.msg); location.reload(); } }); } // 收藏 , collect: function (div) { var othis = $(this), type = othis.data('type'); fly.json(collection + type + '/', { cid: div.data('id'), typeid: div.data('typeid'), }, function (res) { if (type === 'add') { othis.data('type', 'remove').html(langCancelCollection).addClass('layui-btn-danger'); } else if (type === 'remove') { othis.data('type', 'add').html(langCollection).removeClass('layui-btn-danger'); } }); } }; $('body').on('click', '.jie-admin', function () { var othis = $(this), type = othis.attr('type'); gather.jieAdmin[type] && gather.jieAdmin[type].call(this, othis.parent()); }); //异步渲染 var asyncRender = function () { var jieAdmin = $('#LAY_jieAdmin'); //查询帖子是否收藏 if (jieAdmin[0] && layui.cache.user.uid != -1) { $.post("/Collection/find.html",{ cid: jieAdmin.data('id'), typeid: jieAdmin.data('typeid')},function(res){ jieAdmin.append('<span class="layui-btn layui-btn-xs jie-admin ' + (res.data.collection ? 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}); }); }); } , del: function (li) { //删除评论 layer.confirm('确认删除该回答么？', function (index) { layer.close(index); fly.json(commentJiedaDelete, { id: li.data('id') }, function (res) { if (res.status === 0) { var count = dom.jiedaCount.text() | 0; dom.jiedaCount.html(--count); li.remove(); //如果删除了最佳答案 if (li.hasClass('jieda-daan')) { $('.jie-status').removeClass('jie-status-ok').text('求解中'); } } else { layer.msg(res.msg); } }); }); } }; $('.jieda-reply span').on('click', function () { var othis = $(this), type = othis.attr('type'); gather.jiedaActive[type].call(this, othis.parents('li')); }); }); </script> <script src="/static/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script> <script src="/addons/taonyeditor/tinymce/tinymce.min.js"></script> <script src="/addons/taonyeditor/tinymce/tinymce-jquery.min.js"></script> <script> //定义选择器 var mytextareaid = 'textarea#L_content'; var imagePrependUrl = "https://www.xckfsq.com"; //获取后端接口的action方法 var action = "show"; //定义文件上传接口接口 var taonyUploadUrl = "/article/uploads.html", taonyUploadImgage = "/article/uploads.html?type=image", taonyUploadVideo = "/article/uploads.html?type=video"; taonyUploadZip = "/article/uploads.html?type=zip"; taonyUploadAudio = "/article/uploads.html?type=audio"; $(mytextareaid).removeClass(); var gz_userlist = []; </script> <script src="/addons/taonyeditor/js/taonyeditor.js"></script> <script> layui.extend({ editor: '{/}/addons/taonyeditor/js/taonyeditor' }).use(['editor'], function () { var editor = layui.editor; // 1.渲染内容 $('.detail-body').each(function(){ var othis = $(this), html = othis.html(); othis.html(editor.content(html)); }); //获取后端接口的controller方法 var controller = "News"; // 2.从详情页自动调用端口过滤，获取描述信息(只有在add和edit才调用此方法) if(controller == 'Article' && (action == 'add' || action == 'edit')) { tinymce.get('L_content').on('mouseleave', function() { //var content = $(this).val(); var content = tinymce.get('L_content').getContent({format: 'text'}); content = content.replace(/[\r\n]/g,"").replace(/\n/g, '').replace(/\s/g, '').replace(/\t/g, ''); if(content.length >200) { content = content.substring(0,200); } $('[name="description"]').val(content); }); } }); </script> <script src="/static/res/mods/highlight.min.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function() { $('pre').each(function(i, block) { hljs.highlightBlock(block); }); }); </script> <script> var collection = "/collection/", articleJieset = "/news/jieset.html", articleDelete = "/Article/delete.html", commentJiedaZan = "/Comment/jiedaZan.html", commentJiedaCai = "/Comment/jiedaCai.html", commentGetDa = "/Comment/getDa.html", commentUpdateDa = "/Comment/updateDa.html", commentJiedaDelete = "/Comment/jiedaDelete.html", langCollection = "收藏", langCancelCollection = "收藏 -"; layui.use(['fly', 'face','colorpicker', 'laypage'], function(){ var $ = layui.jquery ,form = layui.form ,fly = layui.fly ,colorpicker = layui.colorpicker ,laytpl = layui.laytpl ,uid = layui.cache.user.uid ,laypage = layui.laypage; var id = "30975"; //如果你是采用模版自带的编辑器，你需要开启以下语句来解析。 var taonystatus = "1"; // 编辑器插件启用状态 var isShow = taonystatus ? false : true; if(isShow) { $('.detail-body').each(function(){ var othis = $(this), html = othis.html(); othis.html(fly.content(html)); }); } //评论需要登陆 form.on('submit(user-comment)',function (data){ var index = layer.load(1); var filed = data.field; if (uid == -1) { layer.msg('请先登陆',{icon:5,time:2000},function(){location.href = "/login.html"}); } else { $.ajax({ type: "post", url: "/news/comment.html", data: filed, dataType: "json", success:function (data) { if (data.code == 0) { layer.msg(data.msg,{icon:6,adim:6},function () { location.reload(true); }); }else { layer.open({title:'评论失败',content:data.msg,icon:5,anim:6}); } } }); } return false; }); //下载 $('#zip-download').click(function (){ var id = "30975"; $.ajax({ type:"get", url:"/news/download.html", data:{id:id}, success:function (res) { if(res.code == 0){ location.href = res.src; }else{ layer.msg(res.msg); return false; } } }); }); //关注 $(".guanzhu").click(function () { var user_id = "3794"; if(uid == -1){ layer.msg('请登录再操作', {icon: 6}, function(){location.href = "/login.html"}) return false; } $.post("/userfollow/add.html",{to_user_id:user_id},function(data){ if(data.code == 0){ layer.msg(data.msg,{icon:6,adim:6},function () { location.reload(true); }); } else { layer.msg(data.msg,{icon:6,adim:6}); } }) }); function scrollTo(prop){ $('html,body').animate({scrollTop: $(prop).offset().top + parseInt($(prop).css('padding-top'),10) + parseInt($(prop).css('margin-top'),10)},'slow'); } var hash = window.location.hash; if (hash !== '') { var elem = $('#' + hash.replace('#', '')); // 接下来可以继续使用elem变量进行操作 if(elem) { scrollTo(elem); } } else { // 处理URL中没有'#'字符的情况 } $(".comment-ks p").click(function () { let html = $(this).html(); var content = tinymce.get('L_content').getContent(); $("textarea#L_content").val(content+html); $("textarea#L_content").removeAttr("lay-verify"); tinymce.get('L_content').save(); form.render(); }); }); </script> <script> var importCssJs = { css: function (path) { if (!path || path.length === 0) { throw new Error('参数"path"错误'); } var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; var link = document.createElement('link'); link.href = path; link.rel = 'stylesheet'; link.type = 'text/css'; head.appendChild(link); }, js: function (path) { if (!path || path.length === 0) { throw new Error('参数"path"错误'); } var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; var script = document.createElement('script'); script.src = path; script.type = 'text/javascript'; head.appendChild(script); } } $(function () { importCssJs.css('/addons/markdown/easyeditor/css/easyeditor.css'); importCssJs.js('/addons/markdown/easyeditor/js/marked.min.js'); }); $("#content").removeClass().addClass('easyeditor-content'); layui.config({ base: '/addons/markdown/easyeditor/mods/' }).extend({ easyeditor: 'easyeditor' }).use(['easyeditor'], function () { var easyeditor = layui.easyeditor; easyeditor.init({ elem: '.editor' //textarea 元素class , uploadUrl: "/article/uploads.html?type=image" //图片上传地址 , videoUploadUrl: "/article/uploads.html?type=video", videoUploadSize: '102400' //限制的上传大小 单位kb 默认 10240 kb , uploadSize: '' //限制的上传大小 单位kb 默认 1024k , style: 'fangge',//内置样式 目前只有默认 和 方格两种 //codeStyle:'layuiCode', //代码风格 layuiCode风格 与 默认风格 //,codeSkin:'notepad' //代码框样式 默认不填 与notepad 该属性与codeStyle='layuiCodexw'搭配使用 //,buttonColor:'#FFB800' //自定义按钮颜色 //,hoverBgColor:'red' // 自定义鼠标悬浮背景颜色 //,hoverColor:'#000000' // 自定义鼠标悬浮按钮颜色 }); easyeditor.render({ elem: ".easyeditor-content" //存放md内容的元素ID }); function markdown() { var othis = $('.easyeditor-content'); var content = othis.html(); } }); </script> <script> //扫码阅读 $("#rdown").hover(function(){ $("#phonedl").show().stop(); },function(){ $("#phonedl").hide().stop(); }); $("#phonedl").hover(function(){ $("#phonedl").show().stop(); },function(){ $("#phonedl").hide().stop(); }); function PhoneDown(){ layer.open({ title: "扫码查阅", skin: 'layui-layer', content: "<img src='/qrcode/?text=https://www.xckfsq.com/article/detail.html?id=30975&size=230'>" }); } </script> </body> </html>